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Features of Violence

When communicating with a patent, remember that many features of domestic violence are secret, these are not necessarily visible bruises.

Features of Adult Experienced Violence
Physical Psychological/ behavioural
  • Unexplainable lesions and other injuries
  • Different bruises
  • Head, neck, face injuries
  • Injuries of invisible body parts (including breasts, abdomen and/ or genitalia), especially during pregnancy
  • “Cases” during pregnancy
  • Miscarriages or other pregnancy complications
  • Bone and soft tissue injuries
  • Injuries that do not correspond to the provided explanations
  • Signs of biting, unusual burn
  • Chronic conditions, headaches, muscle, joint and back pain
  • Ulcers
  • Dizziness
  • Sexually transmitted diseases
  • Other gynaecological problems
  • Emotional exhaustion, for example anxiety, non-decisiveness, confusion, hostility
  • Sleep and nutrition disorders
  • Anxiety/ depression/ pre-natal depression
  • Psychosomatic and emotional problems
  • Abuse of narcotic substances
  • Self inflicted injuries or attempted suicide
  • Quibbles or feels shame for injuries
  • Frequent visits to health care institutions during off patient visit hours
  • Mostly partner is talking and demands to stay together
  • Feels nervous in the presence of a partner
  • Unwillingness to follow advice
  • Social isolation/ no possibility to use means of transport
  • Often not at work or study institution
  • Submissive behaviour/ low self-esteem
  • Abuse of alcohol and narcotic substances
Features of Child Experienced Violence
Physical Psychological/ Behavioural
  • Eating/ sleep disorders
  • Difficulty in gaining weight (infants)
  • Physical disorders
  • Sleep disorders
  • Aggressive behaviour and speech
  • Depression, anxiety and/ or inclination to suicide
  • Nervousness, closing in oneself
  • Difficulty in adapting to the changes
  • Regressive behaviour of infants who started to walk
  • Late speech development and problems
  • Psychosomatic diseases
  • Impatience and problems with concentration
  • Dependent, sad and closed behaviour
  • Bed-wetting
  • “Discharge”, for example, cruel behaviour with animals
  • Significant worsening of academic results
  • Fighting with peers
  • Too protective or afraid to leave the mother
  • Theft and social isolation
  • Shouting on parents or brothers/ sisters
  • Abuse of alcohol and other narcotic substances
  • Psychosomatic and emotional disorders
  • Actions of sexual abuse
  • Low self-esteem
  • Feeling of temporariness or short-lived

In cases of domestic violence, the features of physical or sexual abuse might also be unseen but the emotional or psychological impact of such abuse is not less harmful.